Compare Tokelau (2008) - Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2003)

Compare Tokelau (2008) z Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2003)

	Tokelau (2008)	Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2003)

Administrative divisions	none (territory of New Zealand)	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 42% 15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5%	-
Agriculture - products	coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats; fish	-
Area	total: 10 sq km land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 412 sq km land: 412 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925.	These uninhabited, barren, sub-Antarctic islands were transferred from the UK to Australia in 1947. Populated by large numbers of seal and bird species, the islands have been designated a nature preserve.
Birth rate	NA	-
Budget	revenues: $430,800 expenditures: $2.8 million (1987 est.)	-
Capital	none; each atoll has its own administrative center time difference: UTC-11 (6 hours behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)	-
Climate	tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)	antarctic
Coastline	101 km	101.9 km
Constitution	administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948; amended in 1970	-
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Tokelau	conventional long form: Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands conventional short form: Heard Island and McDonald Islands
Death rate	NA	-
Dependency status	self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelau and New Zealand have agreed to a draft constitution as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand; a UN sponsored referendum on self governance in October 2007 did not produce the two-thirds majority vote necessary for changing the political status	territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Antarctic Division of the Department of the Environment and Heritage
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of New Zealand)	none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of New Zealand)	none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international	Tokelau included American Samoa's Swains Island (Olohega) in its 2006 draft constitution	none
Economy - overview	Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services with annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand.	No indigenous economic activity, but the Australian Government allows limited fishing around the islands.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	-
Electricity - production	NA kWh	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Mawson Peak, on Big Ben 2,745 m
Environment - current issues	limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand	NA
Ethnic groups	Polynesian	-
Exchange rates	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.3811 (2007), 1.5408 (2006), 1.4203 (2005), 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General of New Zealand Anand SATYANAND (since 23 August 2006); New Zealand is represented by Administrator David PAYTON (since 17 October 2006) head of government: Pio TUIA (since 23 February 2008); note - position rotates annually among the three Faipule (village leaders) cabinet: the Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau, consisting of three Faipule (village leaders) and three Pulenuku (village mayors), functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term	-
Exports	$0	-
Exports - commodities	stamps, copra, handicrafts	-
Exports - partners	New Zealand (2006)	-
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	-
Flag description	the flag of New Zealand is used	the flag of Australia is used
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	-
Geographic coordinates	9 00 S, 172 00 W	53 06 S, 72 31 E
Geography - note	consists of three atolls (Atafu, Fakaofo, Nukunonu), each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over 3 m above sea level	-
Imports	$969,200 c.i.f. (2002)	-
Imports - commodities	foodstuffs, building materials, fuel	-
Imports - partners	New Zealand (2006)	-
Independence	none (territory of New Zealand)	-
Industries	small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing	-
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA%	-
International organization participation	PIF (observer), SPC, UNESCO (associate), UPU	-
Irrigated land	NA	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau	-
Labor force	440 (2001)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile) permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages	Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English	-
Legal system	New Zealand and local statutes	the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral General Fono (20 seats; based upon proportional representation from the three islands elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; Atafu has seven seats, Fakaofo has seven seats, Nukunonu has six seats); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono elections: last held 17-19 January 2008 (next to be held in 2011) election results: independents 20	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA male: NA female: NA	-
Literacy	NA	-
Location	Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand	islands in the Indian Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica
Map references	Oceania	Antarctic Region
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand	defense is the responsibility of Australia; Australia conducts fisheries patrols
National holiday	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)	-
Nationality	noun: Tokelauan(s) adjective: Tokelauan	-
Natural hazards	lies in Pacific typhoon belt	Mawson Peak, an active volcano, is on Heard Island
Natural resources	NEGL	fish
Net migration rate	NA	-
Political parties and leaders	none	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	-
Population	1,449 (July 2007 est.)	uninhabited (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	-0.018% (2007 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	-	none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations	AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA (one radio station provides service to all islands) (2002)	-
Religions	Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2% note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant	-
Sex ratio	NA	-
Suffrage	21 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: modern satellite-based communications system domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: country code - 690; radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations	-
Telephones - main lines in use	300 (2002)	-
Terrain	low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons	Heard Island - 80% ice-covered, bleak and mountainous, dominated by a large massif (Big Ben) and an active volcano (Mawson Peak); McDonald Islands - small and rocky
Total fertility rate	NA	-
Unemployment rate	NA%	-
Waterways	-	none

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